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HTML INTRODUCTION or What is HTML?

HTML INTRODUCTION

What is HTML?

  • HTML is Markup Language for describing website documents or pages.
  • HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.
  • A markup language is a set of markup tags.
  • HTML pages/documents are described by HTML tags.
  • Each HTML tag describes different documents content.
HTML Code - Preview

Web Browsers

  • The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari) is to read HTML documents and display them.
  • The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine how to display the document:
HTML Code Browser View - Preview

HTML EXAMPLE

  •  A simple HTML page/document.
  • The DOCTYPE (<!DOCTYPE html>) declaration defines the documents type to be HTML.
  • The text between <html> and </html> describes an html document.
  • The text between <head> and </head> provides the information about the pages. (not shows in browser but most important)
  • The text between <title> and </title> describes title for the page.
  • The text between <body> and </body> describe the visible page content (which show in browser)
  • The text between <h1> and </h1> describes a heading in the page.
  • The text between <p> and </p>  describes a paragraph.

Tag Closer Look

<tagname>content<tagname> 

  • HTML tags are keywords (tag name) surrounded by angle brackets.
  • HTML tags normally come in pairs like <p> and </p>.
  • The first tag in a pair is called start tag or Opening tag, the second tag is the end tag or Closing tag.
  • The end tag is written like the start tag, but with a forward slash inserted before the tag name.
  •  As you seen in the Picture below.
Start Tag or Opening Tag Closer look - Preview
End Tag Closing Tag Closer look - Preview
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and helps browsers to display web pages correctly. It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any HTML tags). The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not case sensitive. The <!DOCTYPE> declaration for HTML5 is:

HTML Page Structure

Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:
 

HTML Versions

Since the early days of the web, there have been many versions of HTML:
Version Realise Year
HTML 1991
HTML 2.0 1995
HTML 3.2 1997
HTML 4.01 1999
XHTML 2000
HTML5 2014
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